![]() ![]() For L1 VLP-based vaccines, the efficacy is largely dependent on the number of neutralizing antibodies induced by the conformational neutralizing epitopes existing on VLP surfaces. It includes VLP-16 and VLP-18 and thus should prevent against over 70% of cervical cancers. In our company, an L1 VLP-based vaccine candidate aiming at HPV-16 and HPV-18 was also produced using yeast protein expression system. Both of these two products include VLPs for HPV-16 and HPV-18. ![]() In line with this fact, large pharmaceutical companies like Merck and GSK have developed VLP-based vaccine products and successfully put them into the market, using yeast and insect cell expression systems, respectively. VLPs have HPV type-specific conformational neutralizing epitopes and thus induce type-specific neutralizing antibodies to protect against HPV infections. ![]() The L1 protein of HPV expressed recombinantly in vitro can self-assemble into virus-like particles (VLPs). Based on these elements, different vaccines have been developed or are under development. The structure of its circular DNA genome are composed of 2 major oncogenes E6 and E7, 2 major structural protein genes L1 and L2. HPVs are double-stranded DNA viruses, which target the basal cells of squamous epithelia for infection. Therefore, prevention of HPV-16 and HPV-18's infection among women becomes an important issue for scientists and epidemiologists to lower the incidence of cervical cancer. Up till now, over 130 different types of HPV have been found, where HPV-16 and HPV-18 are of high risk, contribute to over 70% of all cervical cancer cases. Nearly all cervical cancer cases are linked to genital infection with HPVs. Īfter more than 30 years of research into the infectious nature of cervical cancer, it is well established that human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the primary cause for cervical cancer. In China, a total of 500 million women are at risk of cervical cancer. A current summary report from WHO indicates that there are about 500 thousand women diagnosed with cervical cancer, of whom about 270 thousand women die from the disease every year. Cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer in women in the world, comprising about 10% of all human cancers. ![]()
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